O41 - One, Two, and Multisector Growth ModelsReturn

This paper analyses the effect of asymmetry in factor endowments between resourcerich and resource-poor countries on equilibrium bias of technology development and adoption possibilities. First, we show that the bias in equilibrium technology in the resource-poor North is determined by its relative abundance of human capital and physical capital. Secondly, we show that the equilibrium bias in technology in the resource-abundant South is dependent positively (negatively) on the relative abundance (scarcity) of skilled (unskilled) labour and the relative abundance (scarcity) of physical (natural) capital in the North. This force is dampened by the relative scarcity of skilled labour and physical capital in the South. These forces drive wage inequality, high cost of capital and skill technology mismatch in the South, all of which are bad for growth. These effects cumulatively explain part of the observed differences in growth performance between resource-rich and resource-poor countries.

The paper describes the changes in Czech economy in the period between 1970 and 2010 from the macroeconomic perspective. It is based on the detailed study of sources and uses of gross domestic product with respect to labour inputs. Used data sources come from recently published historical data on GDP combined with the data of oicial statistics. The paper should provide an analysis of the main determinants of growth based on output and expenditure approach to GDP and employment including the industrial analysis of labour productivity. In this paper labour productivity is estimated as the ratio of gross value added in the constant prices over the input used. As we have the data of total employment in full time equivalent we used them as the only possible labour input for the productivity analysis for the period in question.

This paper demonstrates that increasing returns to scale can be sustained when agents care about praiseworthiness of their conduct. Unlike the desire to attain approbation from external sources, the notion of praiseworthiness seems to have been neglected by contemporary economic literature. Yet the relevance of praiseworthiness as an internal motivational force was stressed by a number of classical economists. We construct an endogenous growth model in which agents derive utility not only from their consumption but also from praiseworthiness of their action. In such a setting, the motivation by praiseworthiness is able to generate positive and accelerating growth of output per labourer in steady state. The main implication of our model is that the existence of increasing returns depends critically on presence of sufficient approbation attributed to creativity. Furthermore, the presence or the absence of these rewards may be susceptible to explain the cross-sectional differences in growth rates, growth miracles and growth disasters.