D00 - Microeconomics: GeneralReturn

In the study, quantile regression (QR) is employed as the primary research tool, with ordinary least squares (OLS) regression used for comparison purposes. The motivation for this research stems from conflicting findings in existing literature regarding the spillover effects of Brent crude oil prices for the pharmaceutical industry. Findings from the QR analysis indicate that more substantial spillover effects occur in the tail quantiles, specifically during periods of economic crisis and prosperity. Recommendations for future research should focus on gaining a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the differential responses of oil and pharmaceutical companies to oil price fluctuations, as well as identifying additional factors that may moderate these effects. In light of the study's findings, it is recommended to consider different regulatory approaches that could help reduce the sensitivity of oil companies to oil price oscillations. Additionally, support for business diversification strategies is advised to mitigate potential economic risks for both industries.

This article shows that the altruism of the donator could have different forms. The specific form of his optimisation criterion significantly influences his decision making concerning the allocation of his resources among recipients. Moreover, even within one chosen criterion we could report sudden changes in strategy of a rational donator. This donator, even if he is so called ""hard altruist"" (i.e . subject preferring community interests to his individual interests), he could be forced to make a ""gambit"", when he sacrifices one from the subjects supported in favour of survival of the community as a whole. This preferring of whole community to individual interests could lead to liquidation of the least resistant member of the community. This is quite surprising as this member of the community was the most heavily supported before. Altruism could be cruel.