Prague Economic Papers 2015, 24(1):38-59 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.499
The Effect of Female Managers on Gender Wage Differences
- Department of Economic Studies, College of Polytechnics, Jihlava, Czech Republic (veronika.hedija@vspj.cz).
The paper is devoted to gender wage differences; it especially focuses on the impact of the gender characteristics of the manager on gender wage disparity. Under the social identity theory, women in managerial positions, that can affect the wage of their subordinates, are likely to evaluate female employees better than male employees. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the gender characteristics of middle managers on the wages of directly subordinated rank-and-file employees using a variation within the firm. We have used two methods to consider the effect of the manager gender characteristics on subordinates: the estimation of the wage function and the average treatment effect on the treated, both supplemented by a matching procedure. We concluded that women in middle management in comparison to their male counterparts have a lower tendency to apply wage discrimination against women. The presence of a female head of department led to a decrease in the gender pay gap by almost 7 percentage points.
Klíčová slova: wage differences, matching, labour market, gender pay gap, female managers, average treatment effect on the treated
JEL classification: J16, J24, J71
Zveřejněno: 1. leden 2015 Zobrazit citaci
Reference
- Bertrand, M., Hallock, K. (2001), "The Gender Gap in Top Corporate Jobs." Industrial and Labour Relations Review, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 1-21.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Cardoso, A. R, Winter-Ebmer, R. (2010), "Female-Led Firms and Gender Wage Policies." Industrial and Labour Relations Review, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 143-163.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Cohen, P., Huffman, M. (2007), "Working for the Woman? Female Managers and the Gender Wage Gap." American Sociological Review, Vol. 72, No. 5, pp. 681-704.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Ho, D. E., Imai, K., King, G., Stuart, E. A. (2007), "Matching as Nonparametric Preprocessing for Reducing Model Dependence in Parametric Causal Inference." Political Analysis, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 199-236.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Hultin, M., Szulkin, R. (1999), "Wages and Unequal Access to Organizational Power: An Empirical Test of Gender Discrimination." Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 453-472.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Hultin, M., Szulkin, R. (2003), "Mechanisms of Inequality Unequal Access to Organizational Power and the Gender Wage Gap." European Sociological Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 143-159.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Iacus, S. M., King, G., Porro, G. (2012), "Causal Inference without Balance Checking: Coarsened Exact Matching." Political Analysis, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1-24.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Jurajda, S., Paligorová, T. (2009), "Czech Female Managers and their Wages." Labour Economics, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 342-351.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Jurajda, S. (2005), "Gender Segregation and Wage Gap: an East-West Comparison." Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 3, No. 2-3, pp. 598-607.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- King, G., Tomz, M., Wittenberg, J. (2000), "Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation. " American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 341-355.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Mincer, J. (1974), Schooling, Experience and Earnings. New York: NBER Press.
- Oaxaca, R. (1973), "Male-female Wage Differentials in Urban Labour Markets." International Economic Review, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 693-709.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Plantenga, J., Remery, C. et al. (2006), The Gender Pay Gap. Origins and Policy Responses. A Comparative Review of Thirty European Countries. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
- Shin, F. (2012), "The Gender Gap in Executive Compensation: The Role of Female Directors and Chief Executive Officers." The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 639, No. 1, pp. 258-278.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Stupnytskyy, O. (2007), Struktura rozdílů ve výdělcích mužů a žen v managementu. Prague: VÚPSV.
- Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C. (1979), "An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict," in W. G. Austin, W. G. & Worchel, S., ed., The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole, pp. 33-47.
- Tajfel, H. (1982), "Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations." Annual Review of Psychology, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 1-39.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- Vlach, J., Šnajdrová, Z., Kozelský, T., Musil, J. (2008), Gender v managementu. Prague: VÚPSV.
- Wooldridge, J. (2002), Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Tento článek je publikován v režimu tzv. otevřeného přístupu k vědeckým informacím (Open Access), který je distribuován pod licencí Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), která umožňuje nekomerční distribuci, reprodukci a změny, pokud je původní dílo řádně ocitováno. Není povolena distribuce, reprodukce nebo změna, která není v souladu s podmínkami této licence.